Thuật ngữ

A systematic framework of reference lines and coordinate systems used to establish precise locations and positions across a country for surveying and mapping purposes.

A surveying instrument consisting of a 360-degree reflective prism assembly used for measuring distances and angles in geodetic and construction surveying applications.

Established specifications that define the acceptable level of precision and correctness required in surveying measurements and spatial data collection.

Agisoft Metashape yig'ma suratlardan 3D modellarni yaratish uchun professional fotogrammetriya dasturidir.

A remote sensing technology that uses aircraft or helicopters to emit laser pulses and measure reflections to create high-resolution three-dimensional maps of terrain and surface features.

A comprehensive property boundary and title survey conducted to American Land Title Association standards for real estate transactions and title insurance purposes.

The process of determining the correct interpretation when multiple valid meanings or solutions exist in surveying measurements and data.

The degree to which measured angles in surveying conform to their true values, expressed as a quantifiable deviation or tolerance limit.

The point in space where the phase of the electromagnetic wave appears to originate for a given antenna.

ArcGIS adalah platform perangkat lunak sistem informasi geografis (SIG) yang komprehensif untuk pemetaan, analisis spasial, dan manajemen data geografis.

A final construction document that records the actual physical conditions and measurements of a completed project as they were constructed.

A comprehensive survey conducted after construction completion to document the actual physical state and dimensions of a structure or infrastructure project.

ASCII format ay isang pamantayan ng text encoding na gumagamit ng 128 o 256 character codes para sa digital na komunikasyon.

The process of removing or compensating for the effects of the atmosphere on electromagnetic radiation measurements in remote sensing and surveying applications.

Atr je merenje uglova i rastojanja između tačaka na terenu pomoću specijalnih instrumenata.

AutoCAD Civil 3D is a professional civil engineering design and documentation software that enables surveyors and engineers to create 3D models of infrastructure projects.

Azimuth is the horizontal angle measured clockwise from north to a point or direction in surveying and navigation.

A precisely measured and marked line that serves as a reference for surveying and mapping operations.

Bathymetry is the measurement and mapping of underwater topography and depth features beneath water bodies.

A bathymetry survey is the measurement and mapping of underwater depths and seafloor topography using specialized acoustic and electronic instruments.

A bearing is the direction or angle measured from a reference direction to a point, line, or object in surveying and navigation.

A Chinese satellite navigation system providing positioning, navigation, and timing services globally.

A fixed reference point of known elevation used in surveying to establish vertical control and measure height differences.

BIM ay isang digital na representasyon ng pisikal at functional na katangian ng isang proyekto na gumagamit ng integrated na data na nag-uugnay sa lahat ng stakeholders.

A two-legged support structure used in surveying to stabilize instruments and maintain precise positioning during measurements.

A method of data collection using Bluetooth technology to gather information from mobile devices and wireless sensors in a defined geographic area.

A significant error or mistake in surveying measurements, calculations, or field procedures that compromises data accuracy and must be identified and corrected.

A conflict between adjacent property owners or jurisdictions regarding the location, demarcation, or ownership of a shared boundary line.

A comprehensive measurement and documentation process used to assess the structural condition, dimensions, and alignment of bridges for design, maintenance, or rehabilitation purposes.

A cadastral survey is a detailed measurement and mapping of land parcels to establish property boundaries and ownership rights for legal and administrative purposes.

A comprehensive public record system that documents the boundaries, ownership, and value of individual land parcels for taxation and legal purposes.

The process of adjusting and verifying measuring instruments to ensure accuracy and consistency with established standards.

A surveying technique that removes tree canopy interference from aerial survey data to improve ground feature visibility and accuracy.

A protective container designed to safely transport and store surveying instruments and equipment.

The art and science of creating maps to represent geographical features and spatial data.

A reference meridian used as the central line of longitude for map projections to minimize distortion.

A marked location of known position used in surveying to verify accuracy and control of measurements.

A statistical test used to determine if there is a significant association between categorical variables.

chm yə məsafənin ölçülməsi və qeyd edilməsi üsulu.

The discrepancy between the starting point and ending point of a surveyed traverse when they should theoretically coincide.

CloudCompare is an open-source 3D point cloud and mesh processing software widely used in surveying and geospatial applications.

Coordinate geometry is the mathematical method of calculating positions and distances using numerical coordinates in surveying and mapping.

The systematic error that occurs when the line of sight of a surveying instrument is not parallel to its axis of rotation, causing measurements to deviate from true values.

A surveying method that measures vertical columns or structural elements to verify their plumb, alignment, and dimensional accuracy during construction or inspection.

A range of values that likely contains an unknown population parameter with a specified degree of certainty.

A system of precisely located survey points that serve as reference marks for all subsequent surveying and mapping operations.

A mathematical framework that uses numerical values to define the precise location of points in space relative to reference axes or datums.

A point where two or more boundary lines or property edges meet and intersect.

A continuously operating reference station network that provides real-time or near real-time positioning corrections for surveying and navigation applications.

A vertical slice through the Earth's surface showing the elevation profile and subsurface features along a surveyed line.