As Built Survey

Overview

An as built survey is a detailed measurement and documentation of a completed construction project that records the actual physical characteristics of the built structure. This survey differs significantly from the original design plans because it reflects real-world conditions, modifications made during construction, and any deviations from the initial specifications.

Purpose and Importance

The primary purpose of an as built survey is to create an accurate record of what was actually constructed. This documentation serves multiple critical functions:

Legal documentation of the completed work for contract fulfillment

Facility management reference for future maintenance and modifications

Insurance and liability protection for builders and property owners

Regulatory compliance verification with local building codes

Property records for real estate transactions and assessments

Key Components

A comprehensive as built survey typically includes:

Physical Measurements

Precise documentation of actual dimensions, elevations, and spatial relationships of all structural elements. This includes walls, floors, roof lines, and any structural components.

Location Documentation

Exact positioning of utilities, fixtures, and systems including electrical outlets, plumbing connections, HVAC components, and mechanical equipment.

Material Specifications

Records of actual materials used, which may differ from original specifications due to substitutions or availability changes during construction.

Deviations from Plans

Documentation of any variations between the original design drawings and the completed structure, explaining reasons for changes when applicable.

Site Features

Mapping of landscaping, parking areas, access roads, and other external features of the completed project.

Surveying Methods and Technology

Modern as built surveys employ various technologies:

Traditional Methods:

Tape measurements and manual documentation

Theodolites and transit instruments

Photography and hand sketches

Advanced Technologies:

LIDAR scanning for rapid 3D point cloud capture

Laser scanning for high-precision measurements

Drone photography for aerial documentation

GPS technology for absolute positioning

Building Information Modeling (BIM) for digital representation

Professional Standards

As built surveys must adhere to established professional standards set by organizations such as the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and the American Institute of Architects (AIA). These standards ensure consistency, accuracy, and completeness of survey documentation.

Applications

As built surveys are essential for:

Commercial and residential buildings

Infrastructure projects (roads, bridges, utilities)

Industrial facilities

Renovation and expansion projects

Historic preservation efforts

Facility retrofitting

Deliverables

Typically, an as built survey results in:

Detailed drawings and plans

Measurement reports

Photographic documentation

Digital models or point clouds

Written narratives describing conditions

Compliance certifications

Conclusion

The as built survey represents the final authoritative record of a construction project. It bridges the gap between design intent and construction reality, providing essential documentation for building management, legal protection, and future modifications. As construction technology advances and accuracy requirements increase, as built surveys continue to evolve as critical project deliverables.